Applying too much or too little fertiliser, with negative effects on yield, plant health and the ecosystem.

Measurement of acidity or alkalinity. A correct pH is essential for optimal absorption of nutrients by the plants.

A system made up of panels that sunlight into electricity.

Are specific Solar panels that convert sunlight into electricity.

An industrial computer used to automate specific processes on a farm, such as watering, ventilation, or feeding.

A management strategy using data and technology for optimizing input use and maximizing yields.

A data-driven approach to managing agricultural production, aimed at optimizing resources and improving yield.

High-resolution spatial mapping for targeted management and analysis of fields.

Using data and statistical methods (often AI) to predict future outcomes such as yield or disease risk.

Difficulty in storing excess energy for use there is no sun. Batteries are needed, which can be expensive.